The structural approach to english is teaching the learner certain selected structures in a certain order. The oral approach and situational language teaching slideshare. The structural approach ever emphasizes oral work and speech manipulation. The three basic tenets of the approach are that learning is facilitated if the learner discovers rather than remembers or repeats, that learning is aided by physical objects, and that problemsolving is central to learning. It focused on learners needs and english for specific purposes became a major development in elt. Edward anthony the structuraloralsituational approach historical background. The oral approach and situational language teaching cont. These tools can be mastered only by practicing their use. Language teaching helps to improve the knowledge of english in many ways. Ogdens basic english, and in 1944 a white paper recommended its.
Structural approach aims at teaching the pupils the essential tools of language in the early stages of language learning. An integrated approach for english language teaching. In this unit we will be discussing about some approaches used in teaching of english such as structural approach, situational approach, communicative approach and constructive approach. A study of the effectiveness of audio visual programme for. In english language teaching pedagogy the three key terms. Dissatisfied with the structuraloralsituational so method, which was widely practiced in the 1960s and 1970s in india, prabhu decided to bring about a change in the traditional english language teaching elt methodology of his. British applied situational approach developed by linguists. The oral approach and situational language teaching meth od was an application of structuralism by combining and controlling lexical and grammatical content in the form of. Anthony saying approach is a set of correlative assumptions, dealing with the nature of language and the nature of language teaching and learning. There is blind repetition of structural items during oral teaching. The sos method the structuraloralsituational sos method, also known as situational language teaching, was originally an innovative method used in contrast to the then more traditional. The oral approach and situational language teaching learning a foreign language entails various approaches based on sound theories which have been tested over the years.
The reading skill can be developed by the situational approach. Learning and teaching english language is a major concern for many english teachers throughout the world. Till 1990, the sos has been practiced in schools in south india. Training, language and culture the teachers sense of. During world war ii, the teaching of english as a foreign language began to receive increased attention in high places. Teacher roles serves as a model setting up situations modeling the new structures for students to repeat the role of instructional materials is dependent of both a textbook and visual aids. Alicia, 2012 state that using tongue twisters is a common esl english as a second language teaching technique because it helps esl students to learn correct pronunciation of english words, to correctly use vowels and consonants and to become familiar with common english words, all while making the learning process fun. Structuraloralsituational sos approach, in which language competence was seen to be based on mastering the grammar system. A structural syllabus is a list of the basic structures and sentence patterns of english, arranged according to their order of presentation. English for science and technology, a subdivision of esp attracted the attention of course designers in science and. Whether youve loved the book or not, if you give your honest and detailed thoughts then people will find new books that are right for them. It is believed to be an alternative to the direct method of teaching english. British applied situational approach was developed by linguists. Much attention was paid to apply the sos methodology.
Approaches of teaching english an approach is a set of correlative assumptions dealing with the nature of language teaching and learning. Grammar translation method, structuraloralsituational approach, audio lingual method communicative language teaching, total physical response. A study of the effectiveness of audio visual programme for the developing english conversational skills of ix standard students. This approach fails to exploit childrens mother tongue. The structuraloralsituational approach is based on a few principles such as language is primarily speech and therefore all structures and vocabulary must be practiced orally before moving on to reading and writing.
Situational approach is also known as situational language teaching. It was considered as a desirable methodology for ten years. Structures were considered as the most important tool for language learning. The history of language teaching in india, as we know, has a long tradition.
The oral approach and situational language teaching 1. The teacher uses both mother tongue l1 and the target language l2 in the classroom. Ppt oralsituational approach samuel pasia academia. There is no one single method strongly recommended in the teaching of english since the level of the learners differ from one anothers. Many children learn several languages at a very young age. Methods and approaches in teaching english teacher. Learners from rural areas face more difficulties than those from. Morriss book is notable for his reference to the experience of the american army courses in world war ii, in which for the formation of speech habits frequency of lessons is a more essential condition than length of course. A synthetic language teaching strategy is one in which the different parts of language are taught separately and step by step so that acquisition is a process of gradual accumulation of parts until the. In his famous empires of the mind speech in acceptance of an honorary degree at harvard university in 1943 reported in the 7 september issue of the new york times, winston churchill praised c. Language theories free download as powerpoint presentation. The oral approach or situational language teaching is an approach developed by british applied linguists in the 1930s to the 1960s.
Handbook of foreign language communication and learning1. The oral approach or situational language teaching is based on a structural view of language. Methods and approaches in teaching english at a lower theses. Before english, italian, french and latin were the main languages of the first world. Before prabhu, english was taught by a method called sos structural oral situational. In this, at first the reader understands the situation of the reading text, next he understands the aim of the passage, and then he replies. To concentrate in these four aspects the learners should need some methods and approaches. Speech is regarded as the basis of language, and structure is. Prabhu was dissatisfied with the structuraloralsituational method which had been developed and was generally in use in the 1960s, so he evolved an approach based on the principle that the learning of form is best carried out when attention is given to meaning cf. The work of prabhu and his colleagues was devoted to building communicative competence to achieve social and situational appropriacy. Vishnupriyastructuraloralsituational approach in second.
It has been believed that an analysis of english and a classification of its principal grammatical structures into sentence patterns or situational. Other readers will always be interested in your opinion of the books youve read. The textbook should be used only as a guide to the learning process. S the structuraloralsituational approach the sos approach was officially accepted by the madras presidency in 1950. Library of congress cataloginginpublication data handbook of foreign language communication and learning edited by karlfried knapp, barbara seidlhofer. The oral approach and situational language teaching. Pdf oral approach and situational language teaching. This may be considered as a combination of the direct method and the grammar translation method.
It is an outcome of the experiments carried out in language teaching in the army camps in world war. Dissatisfied with the structuraloralsituational sos method, which was widely practiced in the 1960s and 1970s in india, prabhu decided to bring about a change in the traditional english language teaching elt methodology of his country. Structural approach is a scientific study of the fundamental structures of the english language, their analysis and logical arrangement. In doing this, prabhu and foreign language education, two of which are. Ppt approach, method, technique in language teaching. It is a gate way of world culture and it makes the world smaller. It is a communication of certain aspect of the direct method, oral and audio lingualism. In the 1970s, the functional approach brought a new orientation to language teaching. At the same time, the roles and reference points for the english language had changed, and with nonnative now outnumbering native english speakers, the primacy of a native. So as a target language english has been taught in the form of four aspects. Situational language teaching oral approach my english pages. To impart to the students a sound knowledge of english language, grammar and phonetics. Another principle is that language being a set of habits, practice is an essential part of language teachinglearning context. The approach ignores reading and writing children fail to expand their language acquisition.